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Review of LCA studies of solid waste management systems – Part II: Methodological guidance for a better practice

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Authors:
  • Laurent, Alexis ;
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    Orcid logo0000-0003-0445-7983
    Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
  • Clavreul, Julie ;
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    Residual Resource Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
  • Bernstad, Anna ;
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    Lund University
  • Bakas, Ioannis ;
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    Quantitative Sustainability Assessment, Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
  • Niero, Monia ;
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    Orcid logo0000-0001-6275-6944
    Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
  • Gentil, Emmanuel ;
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    Copenhagen Resource Institute
  • Christensen, Thomas Højlund ;
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    Orcid logo0000-0002-7006-4320
    Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
  • Hauschild, Michael Zwicky
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    Orcid logo0000-0002-8331-7390
    Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark
DOI:
10.1016/j.wasman.2013.12.004
Abstract:
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly used in waste management to identify strategies that prevent or minimise negative impacts on ecosystems, human health or natural resources. However, the quality of the provided support to decision- and policy-makers is strongly dependent on a proper conduct of the LCA. How has LCA been applied until now? Are there any inconsistencies in the past practice? To answer these questions, we draw on a critical review of 222 published LCA studies of solid waste management systems. We analyse the past practice against the ISO standard requirements and the ILCD Handbook guidelines for each major step within the goal definition, scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation phases of the methodology. Results show that malpractices exist in several aspects of the LCA with large differences across studies. Examples are a frequent neglect of the goal definition, a frequent lack of transparency and precision in the definition of the scope of the study, e.g. an unclear delimitation of the system boundaries, a truncated impact coverage, difficulties in capturing influential local specificities such as representative waste compositions into the inventory, and a frequent lack of essential sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. Many of these aspects are important for the reliability of the results. For each of them, we therefore provide detailed recommendations to practitioners of waste management LCAs. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Type:
Journal article
Language:
English
Published in:
Waste Management, 2014, Vol 34, Issue 3, p. 589-606
Keywords:
Life cycle assessment; Critical review; Case studies; Goal and scope definition; Inventory modelling; Environmental impact assessment
Main Research Area:
Science/technology
Publication Status:
Published
Review type:
Peer Review
Submission year:
2014
Scientific Level:
Scientific
ID:
258856994

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