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Images from a jointly-arousing collective ritual reveal affective polarization

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Authors:
  • Bulbulia, JosephA. ;
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    Victoria University of Wellington
  • Xygalatas, Dimitris ;
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    Masaryk University
  • Schjoedt, Uffe ;
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    Aarhus University
  • Fondevila, Sabela ;
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    Universidad Complutense
  • Sibley, Chris G. ;
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    University of Auckland
  • Konvalinka, Ivana
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    Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark
DOI:
10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00960
Abstract:
Collective rituals are biologically ancient and culturally pervasive, yet few studies have quantified their effects on participants. We assessed two plausible models from qualitative anthropology: ritual empathy predicts affective convergence among all ritual participants irrespective of ritual role; rite-of-passage predicts emotional differences, specifically that ritual initiates will express relatively negative valence when compared with non-initiates. To evaluate model predictions, images of participants in a Spanish fire-walking ritual were extracted from video footage and assessed by nine Spanish raters for arousal and valence. Consistent with rite-of-passage predictions, we found that arousal jointly increased for all participants but that valence differed by ritual role: fire-walkers exhibited increasingly positive arousal and increasingly negative valence when compared with passengers. This result offers the first quantified evidence for rite of passage dynamics within a highly arousing collective ritual. Methodologically, we show that surprisingly simple and non-invasive data structures (rated video images) may be combined with methods from evolutionary ecology (Bayesian Generalized Linear Mixed Effects models) to clarify poorly understood dimensions of the human condition.
Type:
Journal article
Language:
English
Published in:
Frontiers in Psychology, 2013, Vol 4
Keywords:
Evolution; Fire; Markov chain Monte Carlo; Multi-level; Religion; Ritual
Main Research Area:
Science/technology
Publication Status:
Published
Review type:
Peer Review
Submission year:
2014
Scientific Level:
Scientific
ID:
258671669

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