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Non-targeted effects of ionising radiation—Implications for low dose risk

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Authors:
  • Kadhim, Munira ;
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    Oxford Brookes University
  • Salomaa, Sisko ;
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    Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority
  • Wright, Eric ;
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    University of Dundee
  • Hildebrandt, Guido ;
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    University of Rostock
  • Belyakov, Oleg V. ;
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    Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark
  • Prise, Kevin M. ;
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    Queen's University Belfast
  • Little, Mark P.
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    National Cancer Institute
DOI:
10.1016/j.mrrev.2012.12.001
Abstract:
Non-DNA targeted effects of ionising radiation, which include genomic instability, and a variety of bystander effects including abscopal effects and bystander mediated adaptive response, have raised concerns about the magnitude of low-dose radiation risk. Genomic instability, bystander effects and adaptive responses are powered by fundamental, but not clearly understood systems that maintain tissue homeostasis. Despite excellent research in this field by various groups, there are still gaps in our understanding of the likely mechanisms associated with non-DNA targeted effects, particularly with respect to systemic (human health) consequences at low and intermediate doses of ionising radiation. Other outstanding questions include links between the different non-targeted responses and the variations in response observed between individuals and cell lines, possibly a function of genetic background. Furthermore, it is still not known what the initial target and early interactions in cells are that give rise to non-targeted responses in neighbouring or descendant cells. This paper provides a commentary on the current state of the field as a result of the non-targeted effects of ionising radiation (NOTE) Integrated Project funded by the European Union. Here we critically examine the evidence for non-targeted effects, discuss apparently contradictory results and consider implications for low-dose radiation health effects. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Type:
Journal article
Language:
English
Published in:
Mutation Research - Reviews, 2013, Vol 752, Issue 2
Keywords:
Ionising radiation; Low dose; Non-targeted effects; Non-cancer disease; Health risk
Main Research Area:
Science/technology
Publication Status:
Published
Review type:
Peer Review
Submission year:
2013
Scientific Level:
Scientific
ID:
240905964

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