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Differences in dietary intakes, food sources and determinants of total flavonoids between Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study

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Authors:
  • Zamora-Ros, Raul ;
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    Catalan Institute of Oncology
  • Knaze, Viktoria ;
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    International Agency for Research on Cancer
  • Luján-Barroso, Leila ;
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    Catalan Institute of Oncology
  • Romieu, Isabelle ;
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    International Agency for Research on Cancer
  • Schalbert, Augustin ;
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    International Agency for Research on Cancer
  • Slimani, Nadia ;
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    International Agency for Research on Cancer
  • Hjartåker, Anette ;
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    University of Oslo
  • Engeset, Dagrun ;
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    University of Tromsø
  • Skeie, Guri ;
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    University of Tromsø
  • Overvad, Kim ;
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    Aarhus University
  • Bredsdorff, Lea ;
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    Orcid logo0000-0002-4601-5043
    National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark
  • Tjønneland, Anne ;
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    Danish Cancer Society
  • Halkjær, Jytte ;
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    Danish Cancer Society
  • Key, Timothy J. ;
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    University of Oxford
  • Khaw, Kay-Tee ;
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    University of Cambridge
  • Mulligan, Angela A. ;
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    University of Cambridge
  • Winkvist, Anna ;
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    University of Gothenburg
  • Johansson, Ingegerd ;
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    Umea University
  • Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas ;
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    National Institute of Public Health and the Environment
  • Peeters, Petra H. M. ;
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    Imperial College London
  • Wallström, Peter ;
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    Lund University
  • Ericson, Ulrika ;
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    Lund University
  • Pala, Valeria ;
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    Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori
  • Santucci de Magistris, Maria ;
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    University of Naples Federico II
  • Polidoro, Silvia ;
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    Human Genetic Foundation
  • Tumino, Rosario ;
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    ‘Civile M.P. Arezzo’ Hospital
  • Trichopoulou, Antonia ;
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    Hellenic Health Foundation
  • Dilis, Vardis ;
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    Hellenic Health Foundation
  • Katsoulis, Michael ;
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    Hellenic Health Foundation
  • Huerta, José Maria ;
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    CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública
  • Martinez, Virginia ;
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    Public Health Directorate
  • Sanchez, Maria-Jose ;
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    CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública
  • Adranaz, Eva ;
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    Navarre Public Health Institute
  • Amiano, Pilar ;
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    CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública
  • Teucher, Birgit ;
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    German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
  • Grote, Verena ;
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    German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)
  • Bendinelli, Benedetta ;
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    Cancer Research and Prevention Institute
  • Boeing, Heiner ;
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    German Institute of Human Nutrition
  • Förster, Jana ;
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    German Institute of Human Nutrition
  • Touillaud, Marina ;
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    Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health
  • Perquier, Florence ;
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    Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health
  • Fagherazzi, Guy ;
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    Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health
  • Gallo, Valentina ;
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    Imperial College London
  • Riboli, Elio ;
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    Imperial College London
  • González, Carlos A.
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    Catalan Institute of Oncology
DOI:
10.1017/S0007114512003273
Abstract:
A greater adherence to the traditional Mediterranean (MED) diet is associated with a reduced risk of developing chronic diseases. This dietary pattern is based on higher consumption of plant products that are rich in flavonoids. We compared the total flavonoid dietary intakes, their food sources and various lifestyle factors between MED and non-MED countries participating in the EPIC study. Flavonoid intakes and their food sources for 35 628 subjects, aged 35–74 years and recruited between 1992 and 2000, in twenty-six study centres were estimated using standardised 24 h dietary recall software (EPIC-Softw). An ad hoc food composition database on flavonoids was compiled using analytical data from the United States Department of Agriculture and Phenol-Explorer databases. Moreover, it was expanded to include using recipes, estimations of missing values and flavonoid retention factors. No significant differences in total flavonoid mean intake between non-MED countries (373·7 mg/d) and MED countries (370·2 mg/d) were observed. In the non-MED region, the main contributors were proanthocyanidins (48·2 %) and flavan-3-ol monomers (24·9 %) and the principal food sources were tea (25·7 %) and fruits (32·8 %). In the MED region, proanthocyanidins (59·0 %) were by far the most abundant contributor and fruits (55·1 %), wines (16·7 %) and tea (6·8 %) were the main food sources. The present study shows similar results for total dietary flavonoid intakes, but significant differences in flavonoid class intakes, food sources and some characteristics between MED and non-MED countries. These differences should be considered in studies about the relationships between flavonoid intake and chronic diseases.
Type:
Journal article
Language:
English
Published in:
British Journal of Nutrition, 2013, Vol 109, Issue 8, p. 1498-1507
Keywords:
Flavonoids; Intake; Sources; Phenolics; European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Main Research Area:
Science/technology
Publication Status:
Published
Review type:
Peer Review
Submission year:
2012
Scientific Level:
Scientific
ID:
240556921

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